Summer rain can be a blessing, but for livestock producers in wheatbelt regions, it can also bring a hidden danger: lupinosis. This liver disease, triggered by a fungus, poses a significant threat to sheep flocks, particularly after rainfall. But don't worry, we'll break down everything you need to know to protect your animals.
Recent widespread rainfall in November has prompted urgent warnings for livestock producers to monitor their flocks. There have been several reports of the disease, especially in areas where lupin crops are increasingly used for grazing.
Dr. Judy Burson, a field veterinary officer from the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (DPIRD), strongly advises producers to regularly check their sheep for signs of lupinosis and to act swiftly if they suspect the disease. She emphasizes that while lupin crops and stubbles are valuable feed sources, they require careful management.
Early detection is key. The initial signs of lupinosis can be subtle, including a reduced appetite, loss of condition, disorientation, and lethargy, especially when the animals are moved. You might notice them lagging behind the rest of the flock or staying close to water sources.
In more severe cases, the symptoms become more pronounced: disorientation, blindness, head pressing, a hunched posture, and yellowing of the membranes around the eyes and in the mouth. If you observe these symptoms, immediate action is crucial. Remove the affected animals from the paddock immediately and consult a veterinarian for a diagnosis. The earlier you act, the better the chances of minimizing the impact on your flock or herd.
Lupinosis is primarily caused by the consumption of lupin stubble infected with the fungus Diaporthe toxica (formerly known as Phomopsis leptostromiformis). But here's where it gets controversial: While modern narrow-leaf lupin varieties often have some resistance, they can still develop the disease under the right conditions.
After moving affected livestock to a new paddock, Dr. Burson recommends providing additional care. Ideally, move the animals to a small paddock with ample shade and water for a couple of weeks. Offer quality hay and small amounts of oats if needed, but avoid lupins, as the damaged liver cannot process a high-protein diet. And this is the part most people miss: Recovery can take up to six months for some animals.
It's essential to seek a professional diagnosis from a veterinarian, as the symptoms of lupinosis can resemble those of other diseases, including exotic diseases. The Significant Disease Investigation Program may offer subsidies for investigations that exclude emergency diseases, aiding in early detection.
For more information, contact your private veterinarian or a DPIRD field veterinarian. You can also find detailed information on lupinosis identification and management on the Lupinosis webpage.
What are your thoughts? Have you experienced lupinosis in your flocks? What management strategies have you found most effective? Share your experiences and insights in the comments below!
